Each contracting State nevertheless reserves the right, for reasons of safety of flight, to require aircraft desiring to proceed over regions which are inaccessible or without adequate air navigation facilities to follow prescribed routes, or to obtain special permission for such flights. Įach contracting State agrees that all aircraft of the other contracting States, being aircraft not engaged in scheduled international air services shall have the right, subject to the observance of the terms of this Convention, to make flights into or in transit non-stop across its territory and to make stops for non-traffic purposes without the necessity of obtaining prior permission, and subject to the right of the State flown over to require landing. This provision shall not affect paragraph a) or derogate from paragraphs b) and c) of this Article.Īdded by amendment, entered into force. Each contracting State shall make any violation of such applicable laws or regulations punishable by severe penalties and shall submit the case to its competent authorities in accordance with its laws or regulations.Įach contracting State shall take appropriate measures to prohibit the deliberate use of any civil aircraft registered in that State or operated by an operator who has his principal place of business or permanent residence in that State for any purpose inconsistent with the aims of this Convention. To this end each contracting State shall establish all necessary provisions in its national laws or regulations to make such compliance mandatory for any civil aircraft registered in that State or operated by an operator who has his principal place of business or permanent residence in that State. Each contracting State agrees to publish its regulations in force regarding the interception of civil aircraft.Įvery civil aircraft shall comply with an order given in conformity with paragraph b) of this Article. For this purpose, the contracting States may resort to any appropriate means consistent with relevant rules of international law, including the relevant provisions of this Convention, specifically paragraph a) of this Article. The contracting States recognize that every State, in the exercise of its sovereignty, is entitled to require the landing at some designated airport of a civil aircraft flying above its territory without authority or if there are reasonable grounds to conclude that it is being used for any purpose inconsistent with the aims of this Convention it may also give such aircraft any other instructions to put an end to such violations. This provision shall not be interpreted as modifying in any way the rights and obligations of States set forth in the Charter of the United Nations. The contracting States recognize that every State must refrain from resorting to the use of weapons against civil aircraft in flight and that, in case of interception, the lives of persons on board and the safety of aircraft must not be endangered.
Chapter XXI - Ratifications, adherences, amendments, and denunciations.Chapter XVII - Other aeronautical agreements and arrangements.Chapter XVI - Joint operating organizations and pooled services.Chapter XV - Airports and other air navigation facilities.Chapter XIII - Other international arrangements.
Chapter II - Flight over territory of Contracting States.Chapter I - General principles and application of the Convention.
Convention on International Civil Aviation (ICAO Convention)
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